Lipoti la Polyurethane Industry Policy Environment Analysis Report

Ndemanga
Polyurethane ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, magalimoto, mipando, zamagetsi, ndi magawo ena.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso cha chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi, ndondomeko ndi malamulo okhudza mafakitale a polyurethane akupita patsogolo.Lipotili likufuna kusanthula chikhalidwe cha ndondomeko m'mayiko ndi madera akuluakulu ndikuwunika zotsatira za ndondomekozi pa chitukuko cha mafakitale a polyurethane.

1. Global Overview of Polyurethane Industry

Polyurethane ndi polima wopangidwa pochita ma isocyanates ndi ma polyols.Imadziwika chifukwa cha makina ake abwino kwambiri, kukana kwamankhwala, komanso kuthekera kosinthika, kupangitsa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri mu mapulasitiki a thovu, ma elastomers, zokutira, zomatira, ndi zosindikizira.

2. Kuwunika kwa Zachilengedwe ndi Dziko

1) United States

• Malamulo a Zachilengedwe: Bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limayendetsa mosamalitsa kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.The Clean Air Act ndi Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) imayika malire okhwima pautsi wogwiritsa ntchito isocyanates popanga polyurethane.
• Zolimbikitsa Misonkho ndi Zothandizira: Maboma a feduro ndi maboma amapereka chilimbikitso chamisonkho chazomangamanga zobiriwira komanso zida zoteteza chilengedwe, kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsika kwambiri za VOC polyurethane.

2) European Union

• Ndondomeko Zachilengedwe: Bungwe la EU limagwiritsa ntchito malamulo a Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), zomwe zimafuna kuunika bwino ndi kulembetsa zipangizo za polyurethane.Bungwe la EU limalimbikitsanso ndondomeko ya Waste Framework Directive ndi Plastics Strategy, kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso komanso zothandiza zachilengedwe za polyurethane.
• Mphamvu Zamagetsi ndi Ma Code Omanga: EU's Energy Performance of Buildings Directive imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotsekera bwino, kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito thovu la polyurethane pakutchinjiriza nyumba.

3) China

• Miyezo Yachilengedwe: China yalimbikitsa kuwongolera chilengedwe pamakampani opanga mankhwala kudzera mu Law Environmental Protection Law ndi Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan, ndikukhazikitsa zofunikira zapamwamba zachilengedwe kwa opanga polyurethane.
• Ndondomeko Zamakampani: Njira ya "Made in China 2025" imalimbikitsa chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwira ntchito kwambiri, kuthandizira kukweza kwaukadaulo ndi luso lamakampani opanga polyurethane.

4) Japan

• Malamulo a Zachilengedwe: Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ku Japan umakhazikitsa malamulo okhwima okhudza kutulutsa ndi kasamalidwe ka mankhwala.The Chemical Substances Control Law imayang'anira kasamalidwe ka zinthu zowopsa pakupanga polyurethane.
• Chitukuko Chokhazikika: Boma la Japan limalimbikitsa kuti pakhale chuma chobiriwira komanso chozungulira, kulimbikitsa kukonzanso zinyalala za polyurethane ndi kupanga biodegradable polyurethane.

5) India

• Environment Environmental: India ikukhwimitsa malamulo oteteza chilengedwe ndikukweza miyezo yotulutsa mpweya m'makampani opanga mankhwala.Boma limalimbikitsanso ntchito ya "Make in India", kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha mafakitale apanyumba.
• Zolimbikitsa Msika: Boma la India limapereka zopindulitsa zamisonkho ndi zothandizira kuti zithandizire kafukufuku, chitukuko, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi matekinoloje oteteza chilengedwe, kulimbikitsa kukula kosatha kwamakampani a polyurethane.

3. Zotsatira za Chilengedwe cha Ndondomeko pa Makampani a Polyurethane

1) Malamulo Oyendetsera Zachilengedwe:Malamulo okhwima azachilengedwe amakakamiza opanga ma polyurethane kukonza njira, kutengera zinthu zobiriwira, ndikugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje oyeretsa, kupititsa patsogolo malonda ndi mpikisano wamsika.
2) Kuchulukitsa Zolepheretsa Kulowa Msika:Kalembera ndi kuwunika kwa mankhwala kumakweza zotchinga zolowera kumsika.Mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati amakumana ndi zovuta, pomwe kuchuluka kwamakampani kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimapindulitsa makampani akulu.
3) Chilimbikitso chaukadaulo waukadaulo:Zolimbikitsa za ndondomeko ndi chithandizo cha boma zimalimbikitsa luso lamakono mu makampani a polyurethane, kufulumizitsa chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zatsopano, njira, ndi zinthu, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mafakitale.
4) Mgwirizano Wapadziko Lonse ndi Mpikisano:Pankhani ya kudalirana kwa mayiko, kusiyana kwa ndondomeko m'mayiko onse kumapereka mwayi ndi zovuta za ntchito zapadziko lonse.Makampani akuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndikusintha kusintha kwa ndondomeko m'mayiko osiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse chitukuko chogwirizana cha msika wapadziko lonse.

4. Mapeto ndi Malangizo

1) Kusintha kwa Mfundo:Makampani akuyenera kukulitsa kumvetsetsa kwawo za momwe malamulo amakhalira m'maiko osiyanasiyana ndikupanga njira zosinthika zowonetsetsa kuti akutsatiridwa.
2) Zowonjezera Zatekinoloje:Wonjezerani ndalama mu R&D kuti mupititse patsogolo ukadaulo wopulumutsa mphamvu zachilengedwe, ndikupanga mwachangu zinthu zotsika kwambiri za VOC komanso zobwezeretsedwanso za polyurethane.
3) Mgwirizano Wapadziko Lonse:Limbikitsani mgwirizano ndi anzawo apadziko lonse lapansi ndi mabungwe ofufuza, kugawana zaukadaulo ndi chidziwitso chamsika, komanso kulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika chamakampani.
4)Kulankhulana ndi Ndondomeko: Pitirizani kulankhulana ndi madipatimenti a boma ndi mabungwe amakampani, kutenga nawo mbali pakupanga ndondomeko ndi kukhazikitsa miyezo yamakampani, ndikuthandizira chitukuko chabwino cha mafakitale.

Kupyolera mu kusanthula ndondomeko za mayiko osiyanasiyana, zikuwonekeratu kuti kuwonjezereka kwa malamulo a chilengedwe ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha chuma chobiriwira kumapereka mwayi watsopano ndi zovuta zamakampani a polyurethane.Makampani ayenera kuyankha mwachangu, kukulitsa mpikisano wawo, ndikupeza chitukuko chokhazikika.