Akụkọ nyocha gburugburu amụma ụlọ ọrụ Polyurethane

Abstract
Polyurethane bụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ dị elu nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ihe owuwu, ụgbọ ala, ngwá ụlọ, ngwá electronic, na akụkụ ndị ọzọ.Site na mmụba gburugburu ebe obibi zuru ụwa ọnụ, atumatu na ụkpụrụ gbasara ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane na-aga n'ihu.Akuko a bu n'obi nyochaa gburugburu ebe obibi iwu na mba na mpaghara isi ma nyochaa mmetụta nke atumatu ndị a na mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane.

1. Nleba anya zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ụlọ ọrụ Polyurethane

Polyurethane bụ polymer mepụtara site n'imeghachi isocyyanates na polyols.A maara ya maka ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, nguzogide kemịkalụ, na ike nhazi nke na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na plastik foam, elastomers, mkpuchi, adhesives, na sealants.

2. Amụma Environment Analysis site na Mba

1) United States

• Iwu gburugburu ebe obibi: Ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa gburugburu (EPA) na-achịkwa mmepụta na iji kemịkal.Iwu ikuku dị ọcha na iwu nchịkwa ihe na-egbu egbu (TSCA) na-amanye oke oke na ikuku sitere na iji isocyanates na mmepụta polyurethane.
• Ihe mkpali ụtụ isi na ntinye aka: Gọọmenti etiti na steeti gọọmentị na-enye ihe mkpali ụtụ maka ụlọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na ihe omume enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi, na-agba ume iji ngwaahịa polyurethane dị ala VOC.

2) European Union

• Atumatu gburugburu ebe obibi: EU na-emejuputa iwu ndebanye aha, nyocha, ikike na mmachi nke Chemicals (REACH), na-achọ nyocha nke ọma na ndebanye aha nke akụrụngwa polyurethane.EU na-akwalitekwa ntụzịaka ụkpụrụ mkpofu na atụmatụ Plastics, na-agba ume iji ngwaahịa polyurethane nwere ike ịmegharị na gburugburu ebe obibi.
• Ịrụ Ọrụ Ike na Usoro Ụlọ: Nrụ ọrụ ike nke EU nke ntụziaka ụlọ na-akwalite iji ihe mkpuchi dị mma, na-eme ka ngwa nke ụfụfụ polyurethane na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe mkpuchi ụlọ.

3) China

• Ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi: China emewo ka iwu gburugburu ebe obibi nke ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ sikwuo ike site na Iwu Nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi na Atụmatụ Mgbochi na njikwa mmetọ ikuku, na-etinye ihe ndị dị elu gburugburu ebe obibi na ndị na-emepụta polyurethane.
• Amụma ụlọ ọrụ: “Atụmatụ emere na China 2025” na-akwado mmepe na itinye ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ dị elu, na-akwado nkwalite teknụzụ na ihe ọhụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane.

4) Japan

• Iwu gburugburu ebe obibi: Ministri nke gburugburu ebe obibi na Japan na-amanye ụkpụrụ siri ike na mwepụ na njikwa kemịkalụ.Iwu njikwa ihe ọgwụ kemịkalụ na-achịkwa njikwa ihe ndị dị ize ndụ na mmepụta polyurethane.
• Mmepe na-adịgide adịgide: Gọọmenti Japan na-akwado maka akụ na ụba na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na okirikiri, na-akwalite imegharị ihe mkpofu polyurethane na mmepe nke polyurethane biodegradable.

5) India

• Gburugburu amụma: India na-emesi iwu nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi ike na ịkwalite ụkpụrụ ikuku maka ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ.Gọọmentị na-akwalite atụmatụ "Mee na India", na-agba ume mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ ụlọ.
• Ihe mkpali ahịa: Gọọmenti India na-enye uru ụtụ isi na ntinye aka iji kwado nyocha, mmepe na ntinye nke ihe na teknụzụ gburugburu gburugburu ebe obibi, na-akwalite uto na-adịgide adịgide nke ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane.

3. Mmetụta nke gburugburu ebe obibi amụma na ụlọ ọrụ Polyurethane

1) Ike ịkwọ ụgbọala nke iwu gburugburu ebe obibi:Iwu gburugburu ebe obibi siri ike na-amanye ndị na-emepụta polyurethane ka ha kwalite usoro, na-eji ihe ọkụkụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na iji teknụzụ mmepụta dị ọcha, na-akwalite àgwà ngwaahịa na asọmpi ahịa.
2) Mgbochi mbata ahịa na-abawanye:Usoro ndebanye aha na nyocha kemịkalụ na-ebuli ihe mgbochi ntinye ahịa.Ụlọ ọrụ dị nta na nke ọkara na-eche ihe ịma aka ihu, ebe itinye uche nke ụlọ ọrụ na-abawanye, na-erite uru na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ.
3) Ihe mkpali maka mmepụta teknụzụ:Ihe mkpali amụma na gọọmentị na-akwado nkwado teknụzụ ọhụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane, na-eme ka mmepe na ngwa ngwa nke ihe ọhụrụ, usoro, na ngwaahịa, na-akwalite uto ụlọ ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide.
4) Mmekọrịta mba ụwa na asọmpi:N'ihe gbasara ijikọ ụwa ọnụ, ọdịiche dị na atumatu n'ofe mba na-enye ohere na ihe ịma aka maka ọrụ mba ụwa.Ndị ụlọ ọrụ ga-enyocha nke ọma na ime mgbanwe maka mgbanwe amụma na mba dị iche iche iji nweta mmepe ahịa ahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ ahaziri ahazi.

4. Mkpebi na Aro

1) Nkwekọrịta n'usoro iwu:Ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị ịkwalite nghọta ha banyere gburugburu ebe obibi amụma na mba dị iche iche ma mepụta usoro mgbanwe iji hụ na nnabata.
2) Nkwalite teknụzụ:Mụbaa itinye ego na R&D iji kwalite teknụzụ nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na ike, ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike ịzụlite obere VOC na ngwaahịa polyurethane nwere ike megharịa.
3) Mmekọrịta mba ụwa:Mee ka mmekorita ya na ndị ọgbọ mba ụwa na ụlọ ọrụ nyocha dị ike, kesaa teknụzụ na ozi ahịa, na ijikọ aka kwalite mmepe ụlọ ọrụ na-adigide.
4) Nkwukọrịta amụma: Nọgide na-enwe nkwurịta okwu na ngalaba gọọmentị na ndị otu ụlọ ọrụ, na-arụsi ọrụ ike na nhazi amụma na nhazi ọkọlọtọ ụlọ ọrụ, ma na-enye aka na mmepe ahụike nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.

Site na nyochaa gburugburu amụma nke mba dị iche iche, o doro anya na mmụba na-arịwanye elu nke iwu gburugburu ebe obibi na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke akụ na ụba na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-enye ohere ọhụrụ na ihe ịma aka maka ụlọ ọrụ polyurethane.Ndị ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị ịzaghachi nke ọma, kwalite asọmpi ha, wee nweta mmepe na-adigide.